n8n: Self-Hosted Workflow Automation Alternative to Zapier and Make

Why n8n?

Zapier charges per task. Make charges per operation. n8n self-hosted is unlimited:

400+ integrations — Gmail, Slack, Notion, GitHub, Airtable, databases, and more.
Visual workflow builder — Drag, drop, connect nodes.
Custom code — JavaScript/Python nodes for complex logic.
No per-execution costs — Unlimited workflows, unlimited runs.
Self-hosted — Your data never leaves your server.

Prerequisites

Docker on any Linux server.
At least 512 MB RAM.

Step 1: Deploy with Docker

docker run -d \
  --name n8n \
  --restart=always \
  -p 5678:5678 \
  -v n8n_data:/home/node/.n8n \
  -e N8N_BASIC_AUTH_ACTIVE=true \
  -e N8N_BASIC_AUTH_USER=admin \
  -e N8N_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD=changeme \
  -e WEBHOOK_URL=https://n8n.example.com/ \
  n8nio/n8n

Access at http://your-server:5678.

Step 2: Build a Workflow

A workflow consists of trigger → process → action:

[Webhook Received] → [Extract Data] → [Send to Slack] → [Log to Google Sheets]

Example: Server Alert Pipeline

Trigger: Webhook (receives alert from Uptime Kuma)
IF node: Check if status is “down”
Slack node: Post alert to #incidents channel
Ntfy node: Send push notification to phone
Google Sheets node: Log incident with timestamp

Step 3: Common Automation Recipes

Recipe	Trigger	Actions
Lead capture	Form webhook	→ CRM + Welcome email
Server monitoring	Uptime Kuma webhook	→ Slack + Ntfy + Log
Content publishing	RSS feed	→ Format + Twitter + LinkedIn
Invoice processing	Email (IMAP)	→ Extract PDF + Accounting API
Database sync	Schedule (hourly)	→ Query DB + Update Airtable
CI/CD notifications	GitHub webhook	→ Build status → Slack

n8n vs Zapier vs Make

Feature	n8n (self-hosted)	Zapier	Make
Cost	Free (unlimited)	$20+/mo (limited tasks)	$9+/mo (limited ops)
Integrations	400+	6000+	1500+
Custom code	JavaScript + Python	Limited	Limited
Self-hosted	Yes	No	No
Error handling	Advanced branching	Basic retry	Basic retry
Best for	Developers, power users	Non-technical users	Mid-range

Troubleshooting

Problem	Solution
Webhook not receiving data	Verify WEBHOOK_URL env var matches your domain; check firewall for port 5678
Credential connection failed	Check API keys/tokens in the credential settings; test with curl first
Workflow runs but no output	Check node execution order; enable “Always Output Data” on IF nodes
High memory usage	Limit concurrent executions: `EXECUTIONS_PROCESS=main` and `EXECUTIONS_TIMEOUT=60`

Summary

Visual workflow builder connects 400+ apps without code.
Custom code nodes (JS/Python) for anything integrations don’t cover.
No per-execution pricing — unlimited self-hosted workflows.
Integrates with the self-hosted ecosystem (Uptime Kuma, Ntfy, Gitea).

Frequently Asked Questions

What is n8n and why use it instead of Zapier?

n8n is an open-source workflow automation platform you can self-host. Like Zapier and Make (Integromat), it connects apps and automates workflows visually. The key difference: n8n has no per-execution pricing. Self-hosted, you get unlimited workflows and executions. It supports 400+ integrations, custom code nodes (JavaScript/Python), and complex branching logic.

How does n8n compare to Zapier in features?

n8n supports everything Zapier does (triggers, actions, filters, formatters) plus: custom code nodes, self-hosting, sub-workflows, error handling branches, manual approval steps, webhook triggers, and a built-in credential vault. Zapier is simpler for non-technical users; n8n is more powerful for developers.

Can I run custom code in n8n workflows?

Yes. The Code node lets you write JavaScript or Python. You have access to the workflow data, can make HTTP requests, process JSON, and return modified data. This makes n8n extremely flexible — if an integration doesn't exist, you can build it with code.

What are common n8n use cases?

Lead capture (form submission → CRM → email), social media posting (RSS → format → Twitter/LinkedIn), server monitoring (webhook → check → Slack alert), data sync (database → API → spreadsheet), invoice processing (email → extract → accounting), and CI/CD notifications (GitHub → Slack/Ntfy).